1. Foreword
my country is a producer, consumer and exporter with the most complete chemical fiber industry chain, rich varieties, largest scale and most complete industrial supporting facilities in the world. In addition to being used in traditional textile, clothing, home furnishing and other consumer goods fields, chemical fiber products are also widely used in transportation, environmental protection, safety protection, geotechnical construction, medical and health care, aviation, aerospace, national defense and military industry and other fields [1]. The rapid development of my country’s chemical fiber industry began in the late 20th century. With the continuous breakthroughs in localized polyester fiber technology and equipment, production costs have been significantly reduced and production capacity has grown rapidly. In 2019, my country’s chemical fiber output was approximately 5.95×107 t, approximately Accounting for 80% of the world’s total chemical fiber production.
At present, the development of my country’s chemical fiber industry is facing some outstanding problems, such as serious homogeneity leading to low added value of products, the quality and cost of high-performance fibers do not have market competitive advantages, and the production scale of bio-based fiber products is small. , the cost is high, and it is not yet possible to effectively replace petroleum-based fiber products. Currently, in the context of the re-division of labor in the international textile industry, these problems are restricting the sustainable development of my country’s chemical fiber industry, making it difficult to form an international competitive advantage for the industry.
Advanced basic fiber materials (referred to as advanced fiber materials) refer to materials that can achieve large-scale production and wide application and have one or more of the following characteristics: The physical and mechanical properties and quality are good; while ensuring that the physical and mechanical properties meet the application requirements, new functions can be given to the material through physical and chemical means; the green level of the entire life cycle can be improved; it can be improved through digital, flexible and intelligent manufacturing processes The manufacturing efficiency and product quality of fiber materials can significantly reduce energy and material consumption.
This article focuses on the most important differentiated functional fibers, high-performance fibers, and bio-based fiber varieties in advanced fiber materials, analyzes the development status, challenges and future development trends of my country’s advanced fiber materials industry, and summarizes the future Key development tasks, put forward development suggestions, and provide reference for the development of industries and enterprises.
2. Current Development Status of my country’s Advanced Fiber Materials Industry
(1) Differentiated Functional Fibers
In recent years, my country’s chemical fiber Production capacity continues to expand rapidly, and the problem of industrial structural excess is highlighted. Conventional chemical fiber varieties are homogenized and have fierce competition and low added value. Therefore, differentiated and functional fiber production based on existing production capacity has become an important issue in the structural adjustment of the chemical fiber industry. The key to industrial upgrading.
Functional fiber is an overall concept, which means that the fiber itself has specific properties and functions, thereby giving new properties and functions to textile products. According to the properties of the fiber itself, functional fibers can be divided into two categories: one is differentiated functional fiber, which is made through the comprehensive use of molecular modification in the preparation process of conventional chemical fibers such as polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, and regenerated cellulose fiber. It is prepared by one or more methods such as adding functional components, special spinning and forming, and fiber post-processing. Compared with conventional chemical fibers, this type of fiber can significantly improve or increase the performance and functionality of the fiber. The other type is intrinsic functional fibers, that is, the fibers essentially have specific properties or functions. These fibers are prepared from polymers through melt spinning or solution spinning, such as spandex with high elasticity.
After focused promotion, my country has achieved remarkable results in the development of differentiated functional fibers, establishing a functional fiber industry system with a complete industrial chain and complete varieties. The gap with developed countries and regions such as Japan, the United States, and the European Union is obvious. Zoom out[2]. In 2017, my country’s output of differentiated functional fibers was approximately 1×107 t, mostly liquid dyed fibers, cationic dyeable fibers, high-performance polyester and polyamide industrial yarns, and low-melting composite short fibers with relatively low added value. Conventional functional fiber varieties, while high value-added functional fiber varieties represented by super simulation fiber, antibacterial fiber, flame retardant fiber, far infrared fiber, etc. account for a relatively low proportion. The production process and technology of differentiated functional fibers are not perfect enough, and the product quality is not high, making it difficult to be used in high-end fabrics and products in large quantities.
(2) High-performance fiber
The focus of the development of high-performance fiber in my country is carbon fiber, aramid, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber, polyimide (PI) ) fiber and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fiber, etc.
1. Carbon fiber
In the past 10 years, my country’s carbon fiber industry has entered a period of vigorous development, achieving breakthroughs “from scratch”, with continuous improvement of process technology and continuous improvement of process equipment. Optimization, application fields continue to expand. In 2019, domestic polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fiber developed rapidly, with an output of approximately 1.2×104 t; domestic consumption exceeded 3.7×104 t, an increase of approximately 20%[3]. It is widely used in wind power blades, building reinforcements, Pressure vessels and other fields are also gradually used in aviation, aerospace, electronic appliances and other fields.
2. Aramid
In recent years, para-aramid has developed rapidly in my country, and many companies have made breakthroughs in industrialization technology and achieved mass production. In 2019, domestic para-aramid production achieved a slight increase, reaching about 2.8×103 t; meta-aramid production was about 1.1×104 t[3], which overall reached the international advanced level. At present, domestic aramid products are mainly used in high temperatureIndustrial development strategy research
Gather professionals in scientific research, production, planning research, industry management, financial investment, etc. to establish a high-level industrial development strategy research team with a reasonable structure and stability, focusing on the advanced chemical fiber materials industry Carry out continuous and in-depth systematic research on important practical issues in development such as technological innovation, integration of industry and finance, modern industrial chains and industrial clusters, industrial transfer and international competition, track and evaluate development status and plan implementation, and make timely adjustments and continuous improvements. Planning provides reliable guidance for my country’s macroeconomic decision-making, especially the decision-making of manufacturing enterprises, financial investment institutions, and scientific research institutions.
(2) Improve the construction of the industrial science and technology innovation system
In accordance with the overall requirements of “deploying innovation chains around the industrial chain and laying out the industrial chain around the innovation chain”, improve the key experiments of the country and various ministries and commissions The layout of the laboratory will give full play to the collaborative mechanism between laboratories, deploy research on major scientific issues in fiber materials and engineering; increase government financial support, establish a talent team engaged in high-level basic research, and produce a number of original innovative results ; Give full play to the government’s guidance and policy guarantee role, attract venture funds and industrial funds, enhance the pilot research and engineering research capabilities of engineering research centers, optimize the transformation mechanism of innovation results, and accelerate the formation of a number of major industrialized technological achievements; support and encourage industrial technology Innovation strategic alliances play an important role in collaborative innovation in the industrial chain and accelerate the market application of scientific and technological achievements; support and encourage intermediary service agencies to continuously improve their service capabilities and credibility in standard development, intellectual property services, evaluation and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and brand building play a role in other aspects.
(3) Strengthen the supporting and leading role of science and technology in industrial development
Comprehensively deploy an innovation chain around the upgrading of the industrial base and modernization of the industrial chain, focusing on polymer and fiber manufacturing technologies In the field of equipment and equipment, we integrate scientific and technological resources from key industry laboratories, engineering centers and key enterprises, and carry out “industry-university-research” cooperation around key varieties to ensure that key varieties have independent intellectual property rights and continuous technology iteration and upgrade capabilities. Arrange the industrial chain around the innovation chain, promote chemical fiber industry funds and venture capital, increase financial support for the development and application of original innovative fiber varieties, occupy the commanding heights of science and technology, and cultivate advantageous industries. Promote the transformation and development of engineering companies into solution service providers. By improving the comprehensive capabilities of engineering companies in scientific research and development, engineering transformation, etc., innovating business models, integrating scientific and technological resources, building a comprehensive industrial chain and supply chain management service model, and building a high-level Technology service enterprise.
(4) Support the internationalization of key enterprises
The experience of developed countries shows that large enterprises can expand the production capacity of key varieties and extend the industrial chain by gathering “industry-university-research” innovation resources. etc., occupying a dominant position in international competition. At present, some of our companies already have basic conditions such as production capacity, operation and management, and “industry-university-research” cooperation. We must actively support such enterprises to extend their industrial chains, deploy production capacity and innovation resources globally, increase “industry-university-research” cooperation, and guide industry funds. and other social capital investment to accelerate the formation of a multinational enterprise with international competitive advantages and lead the industrial development of my country’s advanced fiber materials.
(5) Coordinated development of materials, high-end equipment and intelligent manufacturing
Follow the development trend of the integration of advanced fiber materials and intelligent manufacturing technology, promote the integrated development of advanced fiber materials and high-end equipment, Make breakthroughs in key technologies and equipment, promote the application of domestic equipment and intelligent manufacturing systems, and promote an overall improvement in the manufacturing level of the industry. Strengthen the original research and development capabilities of intelligent, differentiated, functional equipment and high-performance fiber equipment, enhance the research and development and industrialization capabilities of major technologies and complete sets of equipment, increase the added value of products, and lead the in-depth transformation and upgrading of the chemical fiber industry through equipment and technology progress. Accelerate the breakthrough of key digital and intelligent technologies in the chemical fiber manufacturing process, expand the application of domestic equipment and intelligent manufacturing systems in key enterprises in the industry, ensure the security of our country’s data and industry, and enhance the international competitiveness of the chemical fiber industry. </p
