Selecting dyes for color matching is a complex, meticulous and important task. In addition to basic knowledge of color and keen color discrimination skills, proofing personnel should also master the basic principles and rules of color matching, and pay attention to the continuous accumulation of proofing Materials and experience. Solid basic functions play an important role in improving the first-time success rate of the dyeing workshop, improving the accuracy of feeding, and speeding up shipments! Check out the interpretation below!
Color matching in printing and dyeing factories is based on the “subtractive” color mixing principle as the theoretical basis, often with red, Yellow and blue are the three primary colors. In actual production, in order to make the color matching fast, accurate and economical, we must master some principles, otherwise we will act blindly and waste speed.
Shop color grading “cheats”
1. It is recommended that the dyeing properties of color matching dyes should be similar.
When choosing dyes for color matching in the laboratory, you must pay attention to the color bias of each dye! The dyeing properties of dyes include compatibility (affinity, dyeing rate, etc.), dyeing temperature, level dyeing, dyeing fastness, etc. Try to choose dyes from the same application category and subcategories for color matching, otherwise it will be difficult to formulate the dyeing process, and it is easy to have different shades and different degrees of fading during use. The three primary colors among various types of dyes are often selected dyes with excellent and consistent application performance, so these dyes should be considered when color matching.
2. The number of color matching dyes should not be too many.
The color matching of fabrics should generally not exceed 3 dyes, which facilitates the adjustment and control of color light. Especially for colors that require high brightness, if there are too many colors, the absorbed light intensity will increase and the brightness will decrease.
3. Try to “go as close as possible”.
Including “nearby supplement”, “one supplement to two complete”, and “multi-party supply”.
If you want to spell green, you can use “yellow + blue”, but the color light of yellow and blue dyes is different, the color matching effect will be affected, and it is difficult to adjust.
Therefore, if conditions permit, it is best to choose a more suitable green dye, that is, start from “green”, and then choose other dyes to adjust the color light.
Another example is to combine red light with blue light. Try not to use “blue + red”. You should choose a color similar to blue (purple) to supplement the red light, so as to “replenish it nearby”. “This makes the color matching operation more convenient and economical.
For another example, when combining army green, try not to use “green + yellow + gray”. Instead, choose “green + dark yellow”. The dark yellow provides the yellow component while supplementing the army green. The necessary achromatic ingredients are needed to achieve “one complement and two complete”.
You can also choose “dark green + dark yellow”, that is, both dark green and dark yellow provide achromatic components at the same time, which can avoid the problem of too much color-matching dyes. Color light adjustment is difficult.
At the same time, you should also understand the components of each color-matching dye (because many dyes themselves are made up of several dyes), and try to choose dyes from the original components. Supplement or adjust the shade to reduce the number of dyes used. Otherwise, it is better to use the three primary colors for color matching, because the three primary colors are generally not mixed dyes, and their dyeing properties are very similar.
4. Master the principle of residual color and strictly control the color light.
Generally speaking, for bright red, concubine, fruit green and other bright colors, you must pay attention to the relationship between the remaining colors. Otherwise, although the color matching result can meet the requirements of the hue, it will often fail. It will reduce the brightness and purity and make the color dark. When trying to match fruit green, the yellow dye should be a combination of yellow dye with green light and cyan dye. When trying to match bright red, you must choose yellow dye with red light and magenta dye.
5. Color and light adjustment is only “fine-tuning”.
Color light adjustment is based on the residual color relationship as the theoretical basis.
As mentioned before, the so-called residual colors are two colors that have achromatic effects on each other. Red and green are complementary colors, that is, we can use green to reduce red. If the red light of a certain color is too strong, you can add a little green to reduce the red light. Because the result of subtraction is black, the use of the residual color relationship to adjust the color can only be a trace amount. If a slightly larger amount is used, the color will become darker and darker, affecting the brightness of the color, and in severe cases, the hue.
If the standard sample is red light and blue light, and the blue light obtained after color matching is more greenish, in order to eliminate the green light, a green residual color, that is, red-purple, can be added dye. By adding a small amount of red-violet dye, the red in the purple can eliminate the green light and supplement the red light, while the blue is not affected, and red light and blue can be obtained; if too much red-violet is added, although the green light is eliminated, blue and blue light will be produced. A mix of purple colors changes the main color.
6. Fully consider the additivity of color matching dyes.
When dyeing with disperse dyes, each dye has a dyeing saturation value for various fibers. When the amount of dye exceeds the dyeing saturation value of the fiber, the dye will The efficiency will not increase with the increase in the amount of dye. Therefore, dyes with low dyeing saturation values are not easy to dye deep and dense colors.
Sometimes a reasonable choice of mixed dyes will make the color darker. At this time, it is advisable to choose dyes with large relative molecular weight differences for color matching, because the saturation values of these dyes are additable, that is, the dyeing saturation value after color matching is equal to the sum of the saturation values of each color matching dye when dyed alone.
Therefore, by rationally selecting color-matching dyes, you can reduce the amount of dyes and obtain a rich color effect. Many commercial disperse dyes are made by using this property of dyes to mix them reasonably. .
On the contrary, even if the dyeing saturation value of the dye is high, if the color matching dye is improperly selected, it will lead to a decrease in the dyeing saturation value.
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